Homem a trabalhar num MUNDO DE MULHERES

Onde antigamente quase só existiam homens, actualmente a maioria são mulheres !!!
Será que houve inversão dos papeis e dificuldades???

by Jennifer Merritt

We've all heard about the trials and tribulations of women rising through the ranks of male-dominated fields such as technology and finance. The successful ones are celebrated for having "broken through the glass ceiling," meaning they've maneuvered through gender-based workplace limitations. In fact, the idea of the glass ceiling is such a phenomenon that the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) formed a "Glass Ceiling" commission in 1991. But what about the men who succeed in what tend to be female-dominated careers, including nursing, travel, marketing, and childcare? Is there such a thing as a reverse glass ceiling for men? Licensed psychotherapist Stacy Kaiser--who has offered her professional opinion for both MSNBC and CNN--says she sees more men popping up in female-dominated careers. "I don't know if it's a trend yet, because it's a more recent development, but it's definitely something that's happening and people are becoming more and more aware of it," she says.
It may seem like a strange concept to grasp, considering that men are rarely cast as being victims of discrimination. An examination of why women tend to gravitate toward certain fields more so than men is a good starting point for exploring whether a glass ceiling exists for men. Psychologist Warren Farrell, Ph.D., the San Francisco-based author of such books as Why Men Earn More and The Liberated Man, has a specific take on the equation. "Women enter into those areas because they are the most fulfilling," he says. "Men don't because they feel they need to take on the responsibility of providing for the family, and the way they earn love is to earn money." That's not to say careers in nursing, travel, marketing, and childcare can't be lucrative, but more often than not, they are far surpassed by salaries in male-dominated fields such as finance and technology.
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Plus, in today's world of double incomes, men are free to pursue career paths they find interesting rather than ones they solely see as financially viable, Kaiser says. "In the past decade, more careers have opened up to women," she notes. "They're becoming lawyers and doctors and scientists, and leaving openings in other areas that men are now filling." Men face a different set of challenges than women in choosing to pursue a career dominated by the opposite sex, since for men, passion for the work is often not as powerful a motivator as the bottom line: salary. What many men in traditionally female careers find, however, is that it is possible to have the best of both worlds.
A novelty in the nursing world
Take, for example, how pursuing a career in nursing allows Mark Liwoch the best way to provide for his family and feel satisfied in his job. Liwoch admittedly was a bit of a drifter after high school graduation, taking on odd jobs in restaurants, landscaping, and even a chicken farm. He eventually found himself intrigued by a career in nursing because "it was a hot career that guaranteed a livable wage upon graduation once you passed the boards," he says. So he pursued a bachelor's degree in nursing from Stockton University in Pomona, New Jersey, and a master's degree in health administration from St. Joseph's University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Liwoch now feels he has found the job satisfaction he had been pursuing all those years working odd jobs. "Nursing is a very high-satisfaction job as far as knowing that you're doing good for others," he says, "and it also helps that you realize you're going to have job security and a good wage." And while nursing staffs may mostly consist of women, that is starting to change, says Liwoch's colleague, Tom Keating, director of the emergency room at Shore Memorial Hospital in Atlantic County, New Jersey. "Some men probably at first felt embarrassed doing something that is considered a female-oriented job," Keating says. "But I think you're starting to see more guys get into it because they see the opportunities."
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Statistics indicate Keating's instinct is right, though the progression of men into the field has been slow. Since 1983, the percentage of men employed as registered nurses has risen from just under 5 percent to over 8 percent in 2003, according to the most recent data available from the U.S. Census Bureau. Liwoch certainly did. He now has a high-level job as administrative director at Shore Memorial Hospital. While Liwoch admits to being a novelty in the nursing world, he says his gender was never an issue as he rose through the ranks. "My organization is such that they promote education, so within three months of graduating with my bachelor's degree, I was approached by my nurse manager to become a clinical supervisor, which is a front-line manager role where you're still in scrubs," Liwoch says. "At that time, I became the sole provider for my children, so I knew the 9-to-5, Monday-to-Friday role would fit my lifestyle as a single dad." More and more men would love to have a fulfilling career that also allows ample family time, says Farrell. "When I ask men in my workshops to fantasize about what they would do if they didn't have to worry about money, about 95 percent of them come up with things like spending more time with their children, and doing something in art, music, or literature," he says. "They would love to do something that involves interacting with people more so than formulas, machines, or technology."
Traveling the world
From the start, John Clifford knew he wanted to work with people rather than machines. Even so, he wasn't sure what his calling was, so at the age of 18, he took a career- and life-planning course at a local community college in Santa Fe, New Mexico. "The one that kept landing at the top of the list was travel agent. It was puzzling, because I didn't have a real understanding of it, but I thought it would be a great way to make some money, see the world, and get out of Santa Fe," Clifford says. He took a travel agent course in Albuquerque and graduated at the top of a class filled mostly with women. He worked at various agencies before striking out on his own, catering to upscale clients like Giorgio Armani Corporation and Fortune 500 executives. Clifford even landed on Condé Nast Traveler's "A-list of Agents," becoming the youngest man to get on the magazine's "A-list All Stars" in 2004--a list that, to this day, comprises mostly women. "The agency I affiliated with is 90 percent women," Clifford says, "and sometimes I feel it's hard to get the recognition and respect I feel I deserve and have earned, just as women in the corporate world may feel it is hard to break into the old boy's club. I face that every day in the travel trade. Whether or not we like to say a 'women's club' exists, it does. It's just as hard for a man to break through that.